Separation of Powers

Parliament's fifth attempt at tribunal reform since 2017 finally creates the National Tribunals Commission the Supreme Court ordered—five months late, with gaps critics say remain.

The Supreme Court’s rally SOP refusal reaffirms constitutional boundaries between the judiciary and executive, with the Court declining to frame nationwide guidelines for rallies and directing the petitioner to approach the government instead.

The Supreme Court is deliberating a landmark Presidential Reference on whether Governors have a fixed timeline to assent to bills passed by state legislatures. The bench, led by Chief Justice B.R. Gavai, questioned whether courts should "sit idle" as gubernatorial inaction stalls democratic governance. A ruling is expected soon that could redefine the separation of powers and clarify if such delays are subject to judicial review.

CJI Gavai: Constitution is supreme—Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary must uphold it together.

Vice President Dhankhar criticizes Supreme Court’s ruling on presidential timelines, calls Article 142 a "nuclear missile."